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emmedonline
Dr. Ajith Kumar J MD
Dept. of Emergency Medicne
Travancore Medicity, Kollam
India
editor
Classification
Type 1 Diabetes (Due to Beta cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency)
Type II Diabetes (Due to progressive insulin secretory defect on the background of insulin resistance)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diabetes diagnosed during second or third trimester)
Other cause
MODY (Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young)
Disease pf exocrine pancreas such as cystic fibrosis
Drug or chemical induced diabtetes (such as in treatment of HIV/AIDS or after organ transplantation)
Monogenic diabetes syndromes
Diagnostic Criteria
HbA1C ≥6.5%.
OR
FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl
OR
2h PG ≥ 200 mg/dl during an OGTT . The Test should be performed as described by the WHO, using a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75gm anhydrous glucose dissolved in water.
OR
Ina patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis, a random plasma glucose >200 mg/dl.
Criteria for testing for diabetes or predicates in asymptomatic adults.
|
Prediabetes
Prediabetes Categories |
OR
OR
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It is diagnosed with either HbA1C, FPG or 2h PG after 75 gm OGTT.
They should target a weight loss of 7% of body weight.
Moderate intensity physical activity (such as brisk walking) to atleast 150 min/week.
Metformin therapy for prevention of type 2 diabetes may be considered in those with prediabetes., especially with BMI>35 kg/m2, aged <60 years and women with prior GDM.
Screening and treatment of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease is recommended.
Annual monitoring for development of diabetes in those with prediabetes is suggested.
Updated on 8/7/15
Reference
ADA Guidelines 2013
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emmedonline
Dr. Ajith Kumar J MD
Dept. of Emergency Medicne
Travancore Medicity, Kollam
India
editor